Northern Research Station

Title: Defects in hardwood timber

Author: Carpenter, Roswell D.; Sonderman , David L.; Rast, Everette D.; Jones, Martin J.

Date: 1989

Source: Agric. Handb. 678. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. 88 p.

Description: Includes detailed information on all common defects that may aRect hardwood trees and logs. Relationships between manufactured products and those forms of round material to be processed from the tree for conversion into marketable products are discussed. This handbook supersedes Agriculture Handbook No. 244, Grade defects in hardwood timber and logs, by C.R. Lockard, J.A. Putnam, and R.D. Carpenter, 1963.

Keywords: hardwood timber, timber quality, defects, scalable defects, grade defects, tree grades, log grades, stand evaluation

View and Print this Publication (23882.1 KB)

Publication Notes: 

• We recommend that you also print this page and attach it to the printout of the article, to retain the full citation information.
• This article was written and prepared by U.S. Government employees on official time, and is therefore in the public domain.
• This publication may be available in hard copy. Check the Northern Research Station web site to request a printed copy of this publication.
• Our on-line publications are scanned and captured using Adobe Acrobat. During the capture process some typographical errors may occur. Please contact Sharon Hobrla, shobrla@fs.fed.us if you notice any errors which make this publication unusable.

 Get the latest version of the Adobe Acrobat reader or Acrobat Reader for Windows with Search and Accessibility

Citation

Carpenter, Roswell D.; Sonderman , David L.; Rast, Everette D.; Jones, Martin J.  1989.  Defects in hardwood timber.   Agric. Handb. 678. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. 88 p..